The primary programming language for iOS development is Swift, known for its safety, performance, and modern syntax.
iOS app development is primarily done on macOS due to the requirement of Xcode, which is only available on Mac.
Key considerations include adherence to Apple's Human Interface Guidelines, designing for various screen sizes, and ensuring a user-friendly and accessible interface.
Performance can be optimized through efficient coding practices, minimizing memory usage, and leveraging Apple's performance profiling tools in Xcode.
Emerging trends include the growing use of SwiftUI, AR/VR integration with ARKit, a focus on privacy and security, machine learning capabilities with CoreML, and enhanced cloud integration.